G83 - Drill Cycle: Drill, Peck, Dwell

Drill cycle with peck and dwell.

The G83 drill cycle initiates the drilling operation at defined XY position at defined height and for defined depth with optional peck and dwell functionality. G83 cycle can be repeated at any given XY position until cycle is cancelled with G80 or with any other motion command(G01/G00).

Drill cycle with dwell and peck phases:

Phase 1: XY position
The drilling XY position is determined by the active distance mode and optional XY parameters.

When the cycle code does not include optional XY parameters, the drilling process will occur at the current machine position. This applies regardless of whether the active distance mode is G90 or G91.

If G90 is active and the cycle code includes XY parameters, the drilling process will take place at the position specified by the XY parameters.

If G91 is active and the cycle code includes XY parameters, the drilling process will take place at the position defined by the XY parameters, taking into account the G91 distance mode.

Phase 2: R level
R level is Z height where drilling starts. R level is set with parameter R. Machine Z axis travels to R plane with traverse speed.

Phase 3: Spindle (ON)
Spindle behavior can be determined by current spindle mode and/or with optional parameter S.

If spindle is already ON and cycle code does not use parameter S, spindle speed remains as set with preexisting S value.

If spindle is already ON and cycle code uses parameter S, new spindle speed is set with parameter S value.

If spindle is OFF and cycle code uses parameter S, spindle is turned ON and spindle speed is set with S value.

Phase 4: Drilling
Drilling operation is determined by the optional parameters used with the cycle code.

All drilling motion is done at F rate. If F parameter is not specified, the previously set value for F will be used.
All retract moves, and depth return moves are performed at traverse speed.

If Q,H and D parameters are not used, machine will directly drill to the bottom depth without any pecking motion.

When Q and H parameter are used, the machine will plunge from the R plane for a distance of H first and only then for a peck distance of Q. Such sequence is performed only once, at the beginning.

After each peck depth is drilled, machine will retract to the height of the R plane and then return to the previously drilled peck depth, but with a difference specified by the “D” parameter. If the “D” parameter is not used, the default difference is 0.2mm. From there, machine drills next peck depth.

Machine will gradually drill using this motion pattern until the bottom depth is reached.

Phase 5: Bottom Z, dwell and retract
Once machine reaches bottom Z level position, and if cycle code uses P parameter, machine waits at the bottom for set period of time. Then it retracts at traverse speed to pre-defined retract height. If cycle code used F parameter, then F value set prior of cycle operation is restored.

Retract height is defined with G98/G99, which can be either R plane or init height value.

If G98 is active, retract height is init height.

If G99 is active, retract height is R plane.

Phase 7: Spindle (OFF)
If S parameter is used, spindle is turned off at retract height.

If S parameter is not used, spindle state remains unchanged.

G83 <X> <Y> R Z <H> <Q> <D> <P> <F> <S>

G00 X0 Y0 Z10
G98 G83 X0 Y0 R1 Z-15 H1 Q2 D0.5 P0.5 F2100 S750
X10
X20
X30
G80

G00 X0 Y0 Z10
G99 G83 X0 Y0 R1 Z-15 H1 Q2 D0.1 P0.5 F2100 S750
X10
X20
X30
G80

G81, G82, G73